Energy density refers to how much energy a battery can store relative to its weight or volume. Higher energy density means that a battery can store more energy in a smaller and lighter package, which is critical for extending the range of electric vehicles without increasing their size or weight. Lithium-ion batteries, commonly used in EVs, have a relatively high energy density compared to older battery technologies like lead-acid. Improving energy density is a key area of research in battery development, as it directly impacts vehicle range and performance.
